Biomarkers to guide treatment decisions antibiotics has been proposed as an effective way to increase the use of more appropriate antibiotics. As a biomarker, procalcitonin (PCT) has been found to have good specificity to distinguish bacterial from non-bacterial inflammation. Decisions regarding the use of antibiotics in complex individual patient and should be based on the pre-test probability of bacterial infection, the severity of the presentation and the results of serum PCT concentrations.
In the context of high pre-test probability for bacterial infections and / or high-risk patients with sepsis, PCT monitoring from time to time helps to track the resolution of the initial infection and the decision about stopping of antibiotic treatment. As outlined by the Evidence-Based Medicine Laboratory (EBLM), not only pre-test probability but also the effect of the positive likelihood ratio test performance truly diagnostic. This aspect should be taken into account in the interpretation of results of clinical trials evaluating the performance of the PCT to guide antibiotic therapy.
modern clinical laboratories must confirm that the procedures used for certain tests that are reliable and valid. There are several sources of error and disturbance can undo the results. medical validation refers to check the plausibility of the results of the test. Results unreasonable indicate that something is wrong with the power of a sample taken from the patient, for example, a blood sample gets contaminated with other liquids, which require re-examination. Here, we describe how a business intelligence (BI) tools can be developed based on an integrated R that improve the efficiency of medical validation at the Institute of Clinical Chemistry (ICC) of the University Hospital Zurich. A BI software environment enables us to digitalize the steps in the manual validation process conducted in an Excel spreadsheet, for example, importing data, calculating percentiles, and produce graphical output.
Metatranscriptomics as a tool to identify fungal species and subspecies in mixed communities – proof of concept in the laboratory conditions.
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) allows the generation of large amounts of genome sequence data at a reasonable cost. Organisms within the microbial community mix can now be sorted and identified by culture-independent manner, typically using amplicon sequencing of DNA barcodes. Bulk RNA-seq (metatranscriptomics) has several advantages compared to amplicon-based DNA sequencing: less susceptible to bias amplification, it captures only living organism, and it enables a larger set of genes to be used for taxonomic identification. Using a mock society model comprising 17 fungal isolates, we evaluated whether metatranscriptomics can accurately identify fungal species and subspecies in mixed communities.
Overall, 72.9% of the RNA transcripts are classified, of which the majority (99.5%) were correctly identified at the species level. Of the 15 species of sequencing, 13 were captured and identified properly. We also detected strain-level variation in complex Cryptococcus species: 99.3% of the transcripts assigned to Cryptococcus classified as one of the four strains used in the community pretending. laboratory contaminants and / or misclassifications diverse, but only represents 0.44% of the transcripts.
Cellufine PB |
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683-986-324 | JNC America | 10 ml | 542.4 EUR |
Cellufine PB |
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683-986-326 | JNC America | 50 ml | Ask for price |
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683-986-328 | JNC America | 500 ml | Ask for price |
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PB antibody |
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70R-2192 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | 560.4 EUR |
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AT010 | Unibiotest | 1mg | 1641.6 EUR |
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TBW00844 | ChemNorm | unit | Ask for price |
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47938-100ul | SAB | 100ul | 302.4 EUR |
MC Cellufine PB |
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202-15 | JNC America | 1 x 5 ml | 542.4 EUR |
MC Cellufine PB |
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202-51 | JNC America | 5 x 1 ml | 542.4 EUR |
PB Blocking Peptide |
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33R-2067 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | 216 EUR |
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PB 28 dihydrochloride |
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B7107-10 | ApexBio | 10 mg | 340.8 EUR |
PB 28 dihydrochloride |
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B7107-50 | ApexBio | 50 mg | 1245.6 EUR |
PB Cadherin Blocking Peptide |
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20-abx162098 | Abbexa |
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C47938 | SAB | 100ul | 476.4 EUR |
electrolyte galv.o2/pb electr., 125ml |
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B151 | Consort | ea | 57.6 EUR |
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AD-131-B | Alpha Diagnostics | Custom | Ask for price |
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SZ02K | Consort | ea | 165.6 EUR |
EP Reagent Lead Sol. 0.1% Pb |
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5001700 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | 118.56 EUR |
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20-abx133389 | Abbexa |
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PB-CMV-GreenPuro Scramble Hairpin Control Vector |
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PBSI505-000PA-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 826.8 EUR |
Lead Acetate Solution (CH COO) Pb 10% |
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DURAN Hydra Square GL45 Purging Bottle Clear 1000mL with 4x GL45 Side Necks |
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EP Reagent Conc to make Lead Sol. 100ppm Pb |
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5001701C | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | 116.28 EUR |
PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-Puro cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB510B-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-GFP cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB511B-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RFP cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB512B-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-GreenPuro cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB513B-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RedPuro cDNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PB514B-2 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-EF1-MCS-IRES-GFP cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB530A-2 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-EF1-MCS-IRES-RFP cDNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PB531A-2 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-EF1-MCS-IRES-Neo cDNA cloning and expression vector |
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PB533A-2 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-MSCV-MCS-EF1-GreenPuro cDNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PB713B-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-CMV-GreenPuro-H1-MCS shRNA cloning and expression vector |
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PBSI505A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
PB-EF1-GreenPuro-H1-MCS shRNA cloning and expression vector |
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PBSI506A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 842.4 EUR |
Organochlorine Pesticides Mix B |
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5252-PB | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | 155.04 EUR |
AAS Multi Element Std Cd Pb Ni at 1000ppm in 2% HNO3 |
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AA-BIB-3-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | 150.48 EUR |
AAS Multi Element Std Cd Pb Ni at 1000ppm in 2% HNO3 |
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ICP Multi Elem (4) Std Ni Pb V Zn 1000ppm in HNO3 |
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ICP-SC-45 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | 380.76 EUR |
ICP Multi Elem (2) Std Cd Pb 100ppm in 2-5% HNO3 |
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ICP2MIX2-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | 184.68 EUR |
piggyBac-HR with GFP+Puro markers and TK selection [MCS1-5'PB TR-EF1?-GFP-T2A-Puro-T2A-hsvTK-pA-3' PB TR-MCS2] for Gene Correction |
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PBHR100A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 1600.8 EUR |
PB-Cuo-miR-302/367-IRES-GFP-EF1-CymR-Puro Inducible iPSC Vector |
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PBQM-MIR302 | SBI | 10 ug | 2426.4 EUR |
ICP Multi Elem (3) Std As Mn Pb 100 ppm in 5% HNO3 |
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MSICP001 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | 201.78 EUR |
PB-CuO-CMV-MCS-EF1α-CymR-Puro Inducible cDNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PBQM800A-1 | SBI | 10 µg | 921 EUR |
PB-EF1a-Oct4-Sox2-Klf4-Myc-IRES-GFP Human 4-in-1 iPSC Vector |
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PB630A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 2008.8 EUR |
PB-Cuo-MCS-IRES-GFP-EF1-CymR-Puro Inducible cDNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PBQM812A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 1315.2 EUR |
PB-Cuo-shMCS-IRES-GFP-EF1-CymR-Puro Inducible shRNA Cloning and Expression Vector |
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PBQMSH812A-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 1315.2 EUR |
10 L MEDIUM 199 (MOD.), POWDER WITH EARLE'S SALTS WITHOUT SODIUM BICARBONATE, L-GLUTAMINE, AND PHENOL RED |
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90-050-PB | CORNING | 10 L/pk | 93.6 EUR |
Description: Media Catalog; Classical Media |
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pCT-Mem-GFP (pMSCV, Plasma Membrane, Neuromodulin Tag) |
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CYTO100-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-InnerMem-GFP (pMSCV, Inner Leaflet Plasma of Membrane, Farnesylation signal Tag) |
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CYTO101-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Mito-GFP (pMSCV, Mitochondria, COX8 Tag) |
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CYTO102-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Pero-GFP (pMSCV, Peroxisome, Peroxisome consensus Tag) |
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CYTO108-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Actin-GFP (pMSCV, Cytoskeleton, B-actin Tag) |
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CYTO110-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Tublin-GFP (pMSCV, Cytoskeleton, alpha-tubulin Tag) |
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CYTO111-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-H2B-GFP (pMSCV, Nucleus, H2B Tag) |
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CYTO113-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Cyto-GFP (pMSCV, Cytosol, Untagged) |
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CYTO118-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
pCT-Cyto-GFPLuc (pMSCV, Cytosol, GFP+Luciferase Untagged) |
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CYTO121-PB-1 | SBI | 10 ug | 820.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD15 Pacific Blue |
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PB-138-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD15 Pacific Blue |
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PB-138-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD45 Pacific Blue |
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PB-160-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD193 Pacific Blue |
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PB-161-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD3 Pacific Blue |
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PB-202-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD3 Pacific Blue |
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PB-202-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD6 Pacific Blue |
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PB-205-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD6 Pacific Blue |
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PB-205-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD7 Pacific Blue |
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PB-206-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD7 Pacific Blue |
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PB-206-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD8 Pacific Blue |
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PB-207-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD8 Pacific Blue |
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PB-207-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD9 Pacific Blue |
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PB-208-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD9 Pacific Blue |
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PB-208-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD10 Pacific Blue |
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PB-209-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD10 Pacific Blue |
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PB-209-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD15 Pacific Blue |
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PB-213-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD15 Pacific Blue |
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PB-213-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD25 Pacific Blue |
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PB-218-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD25 Pacific Blue |
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PB-218-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD29 Pacific Blue |
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PB-219-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD29 Pacific Blue |
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PB-219-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD43 Pacific Blue |
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PB-220-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD43 Pacific Blue |
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PB-220-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD44 Pacific Blue |
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PB-221-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD44 Pacific Blue |
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PB-221-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD45 Pacific Blue |
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PB-222-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD45 Pacific Blue |
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PB-222-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD45RA Pacific Blue |
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PB-223-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD45RA Pacific Blue |
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PB-223-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD47 Pacific Blue |
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PB-225-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD47 Pacific Blue |
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PB-225-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD48 Pacific Blue |
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PB-226-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD48 Pacific Blue |
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PB-226-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD53 Pacific Blue |
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PB-227-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD53 Pacific Blue |
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PB-227-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD59 Pacific Blue |
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PB-233-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD59 Pacific Blue |
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PB-233-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD71 Pacific Blue |
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PB-235-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD71 Pacific Blue |
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PB-235-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD31 Pacific Blue |
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PB-273-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD31 Pacific Blue |
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PB-273-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD80 Pacific Blue |
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PB-287-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD80 Pacific Blue |
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PB-287-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD14 Pacific Blue |
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PB-293-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD14 Pacific Blue |
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PB-293-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-HLA-DR/DP Pacific Blue |
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PB-296-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-HLA-DR/DP Pacific Blue |
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PB-296-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD34 Pacific Blue |
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PB-297-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD34 Pacific Blue |
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PB-297-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD105 Pacific Blue |
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PB-298-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD105 Pacific Blue |
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PB-298-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD19 Pacific Blue |
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PB-305-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD19 Pacific Blue |
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PB-305-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD21 Pacific Blue |
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PB-306-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD21 Pacific Blue |
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PB-306-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD27 Pacific Blue |
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PB-308-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD27 Pacific Blue |
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PB-308-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD41 Pacific Blue |
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PB-309-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD41 Pacific Blue |
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PB-309-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD177 Pacific Blue |
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PB-314-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD177 Pacific Blue |
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PB-314-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu IgM Pacific Blue |
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PB-320-C100 | ExBio | 0.1 mg | 285.6 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD46 Pacific Blue |
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PB-342-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD46 Pacific Blue |
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PB-342-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD4 Pacific Blue |
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PB-359-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD4 Pacific Blue |
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PB-359-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD33 Pacific Blue |
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PB-365-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD33 Pacific Blue |
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PB-365-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD38 Pacific Blue |
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PB-366-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD38 Pacific Blue |
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PB-366-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD52 Pacific Blue |
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PB-368-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD52 Pacific Blue |
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PB-368-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD20 Pacific Blue |
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PB-414-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD20 Pacific Blue |
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PB-414-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD41a Pacific Blue |
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PB-417-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-HLA-DR Pacific Blue |
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PB-474-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-HLA-DR Pacific Blue |
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PB-474-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD5 Pacific Blue |
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PB-482-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD5 Pacific Blue |
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PB-482-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD2 Pacific Blue |
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PB-492-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD2 Pacific Blue |
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PB-492-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD24 Pacific Blue |
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PB-503-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD24 Pacific Blue |
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PB-503-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu Ig Kappa Light Chain Pacific Blue |
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PB-504-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu Ig Kappa Light Chain Pacific Blue |
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PB-504-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD22 Pacific Blue |
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PB-506-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD22 Pacific Blue |
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PB-506-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD3 Pacific Blue |
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PB-514-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD3 Pacific Blue |
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PB-514-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD11c Pacific Blue |
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PB-529-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD11c Pacific Blue |
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PB-529-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD81 Pacific Blue |
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PB-558-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD28 Pacific Blue |
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PB-577-T025 | ExBio | 25 tests | 184.8 EUR |
Anti-Hu CD28 Pacific Blue |
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PB-577-T100 | ExBio | 100 tests | 322.8 EUR |
Anti-Ms CD8a Pacific Blue |
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PB-579-C025 | ExBio | 0.025 mg | 166.8 EUR |
Anti-Ms CD8a Pacific Blue |
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PB-579-C100 | ExBio | 0.1 mg | 285.6 EUR |
Therefore, these results show that it is possible to obtain an accurate species- and strain-level fungal identification of the data metatranscriptome during taxa identified at low abundance discarded to avoid false-positives that come from contamination or misclassifications. This study highlights both the benefits and challenges in the implementation metatranscriptomics currently in clinical mycology and ecology studies.